The centennial of Mongolia’s Proclamation of the Republic and the adoption of the First Constitution will be celebrated on November 26. In 2023, the State Great Hural (Parliament) passed a resolution to commemorate the 100th anniversary, establishing a working group to organize the festivities. This resolution tasks the group with preparing academic research on the historical significance of the First Constitution, organizing scholarly conferences, creating historical and educational publications, promoting constitutional values among citizens, and planning state ceremonial events.

Mongolia has adopted four constitutions in its history.

The current Constitution of Mongolia was adopted on 13 January 1992, put into force on 12 February, with amendments made in 1999, 2000, 2019 and 2023. The constitution established a representative democracy in Mongolia, enshrining core functions of the government, including the separation of powers and election cycle, and guaranteeing human rights including freedom of religion, travel, expression, private property. The document was written after the Mongolian Revolution of 1990, effectively dissolving the Mongolian People’s Republic.

It consists of a preamble followed by six chapters divided into seventy articles. It is heavily inspired by Western liberal democracies, evident in its protection of minority rights, freedom of expression and assembly and multi-party parliamentary system.