Since 1998, when Mongolia joined the Hague Convention on the Protection of Children and Co-operation in Respect of Intercountry Adoption, a total of 272 children have been adopted by foreign citizens,  Most of them – or 156 Mongolian children – have been adopted by American families followed by 36 in Germany, 22 in Italy, 20 in France, seven in the Netherlands, six in South Korea and the remaining 25 in other countries.

As for post-adoption monitoring, a tripartite agreement is signed between the parents, the Mongolia Immigration Agency and the intermediary organisation. Thus, according to the agreement, Mongolia receives post-adoption reports for children in the age group of 0-3 every 6 months, ages 4-8 every year, and ages 9-16 every two years from the country’s corresponding officials.”