The decision that adopted the Paris agreement agreed to convene the Facilitate Dialogue in 2018, which has to evaluate collective progress towards meeting the Paris agreement goals, providing guidance to governments as they update their national determined contributions (NDC’s) before 2020, and prepare low carbon development strategies. The global stock take in 2023 under the Paris agreement will examine similar issues to those envisaged for the 2018 Facilitate Dialogue in relation to collective progress on meeting the objectives of the Paris Agreement.

With this as framing, it is clear that action on the NDC is not just about implementing them as written. It’s about working out how to increase their level of ambition, while at the same time increasing the level of policy action undertaken by governments to reflect each country’s fair share of efforts to meet the Paris agreement.

Proposed policies and measures for Mongolia’s ‘intended’ national determined contributions (INDC) are as follows:

Energy (power and heat): Increase renewable electricity capacity from 7.62% in 2014 to 20% by 2020 and to 30% by 2030 as a share of total electricity generation capacity.

Reduce electricity transmission losses from 13.7% in 2014 to 10.8% by 2020 and to 7.8% by 2030.

Reduce building heat loss by 20% by 2020 and by 40% by 2030, compared to 2014 levels.

Reduce internal energy use of Combined Heat and Power Plants (improved plant efficiency) from 14.4% in 2014 to 11.2% by 2020 and 9.14% by 2030.

Implement advanced technology in energy production such as super critical pressure coal combustion technology by 2030.

-State policy on energy production (Parliament resolution No. 63, 2015), Green development policy, 2014

Energy (transport):

Improve national paved road network. 

Upgrading /Paving 8000 km by 2016, 11000 km by 2021.

Improve Ulaanbaatar city road network to decrease all traffic by 30-40% by 2023.

Increase the share of private hybrid road vehicles from approximately 6.5% in 2014 to approximately 13% by 2030.

Shift from liquid fuel to LPG for vehicles in Ulaanbaatar and provinces by improving taxation and environmental fee system.

Improve enforcement mechanism of standards for road vehicles and non-road based transport.

-Urban public transport investment program 2015; Mid-term new Development Program, 2010

 Industrial sector Reduce emissions in the cement industry through upgrading the processing technology from wet to dry processing and through the construction of a new cement plant with dry processing up to 2030.

-NAMA’s, 2010; NAPCC, 2012: Building materials program

Agriculture:

Maintain livestock population at appropriate levels according to the pasture carrying capacity.

Mongolian National Livestock program, 2010

Gaps and Barriers:

High priority of external barriers: Financial lack is the most important obstacle, Challenges to introduce advanced and new technology and equipment machinery.

Weak management of disaster risks still exists especially of local level and early warning system for prevention of danger.

Internal barriers: Lack of legal enabling environment, Weak coordination of integration between sectors , Weak natural resources management for pasture, forest and water, Insufficient human resources capacity and lack of trainings and courses about Climate change in curriculums of Universities, Institutes and college, In effective monitoring system for natural resources and incapable tracking and monitoring system.